Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges facing humanity with implications for food production, natural ecosystems, freshwater supply, health, etc. According to the latest scientific assessment, the earth’s climate system has demonstrably changed on both global and regional scales since the pre-industrial era. Further evidence shows that most of the warming (0.1°C per decade) observed over the last 50 years, is attributable to human activities. Climate change is affecting the vegetation and leading to their habitat fragmentation, phenological variations, spread of invasive species, increased number of forest fires, pest attacks and extinctions. This review article discusses on the impacts of climate change on plants and how plants could be used as mitigators of climate change. Trees can prevent climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide, a very potent greenhouse gas and storing it in their biomass, in roots, as phytoliths, bioenergy crops and by afforestation, reforestation and agroforestry practices.

Abstract. : In this research, the photocatalytic properties of palladium catalysts supported on different mixed oxides of aluminum, cerium and zirconium, in the degradation of benzene in water with UV radiation was evaluated, both a batch reactor model PUV -1022 as a solar collector CPC (compound parabolic collector). The six catalysts supports were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by: X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) that were held to such a good checking oxides synthesis process. In most of photocatalytic processes there is the formation of intermediate products before reaching the total mineralization of benzene, which is achieved between 10 and 15 minutes of the process. Catalysts which exhibit the better catalytic performance are Pd/Al90Zr10 Pd/Al80Ce10Zr10 which degraded benzene in 5 minutes, without formation of intermediate products, so they were used in a degradation test with a solar collector, resulting in the total mineralization of benzene in 1 hour.

Present study has been conducted to determine the fish biodiversity at Simli Dam, Islamabad. A total of 153 individuals belonging to 12 species and 2 families (Cyprinidae and Chandiidae ) were collected from eight different sampling stations selected from Simli Dam. The highest diversity and species richness was found at site 5 (10) followed by site 01, 02 and 08 these site have same species richness (08) while lower richness was found at site 03 (05). Cyprnidae was the most abundant family sampled from all sampling sites. The five species i.e. Punctius ticto, Punctius sarana, Punctius sophore, Barilus vagra and Tor putitora were found in abundant in status. The Mahasheer (Tor putitora ) among abundant species have high commercial value and the status of this species is rare in country’s water bodies. There is a need to establish a sanctuary for the conservation of Mahasheer at Simli Dam. In this survey the ratio between forage fishes and carnivorous fishes were found to be very low which indicates the unbalanced population of fishes, so there is a need to stock the carnivorous species in the Dam.

In recent decades the issue of Intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection has been at the center of public policy debates. Today, IP rights are recognized as an important economic mechanism, an ‘intellectual currency’ of sorts, that encourages research and development (R&D), creation and innovation in several significant ways. So innovation is important for economic growth, but IPR protection is important for innovation, this way IPR protection becomes important for the economic growth too. \nThe aim of the paper is to make a review of the empirical studies done by different scholars, to show evidence of the relation that exists between IPR protection and economic growth, in developed and developing countries. What happens when strengthening the IPR protection for these countries? At the end the paper concludes that the relationship between intellectual property and economic growth is not so clear. IPR protection impacts on growth rates will differ across countries, depending on their level of development. Not all empirical studies conclude in a positive impact IPR protection and growth. Further studies need to be done to expand the topic further.

People spend most of their time working in a job. Therefore, the satisfaction rate had hoped that the work of the individual work is influenced to a large extent the life. Similarly, the efforts shown above normal but can be explained by the organization to be successful, commitment to employees of the organization. In this study, the sports director job satisfaction and organizational commitment is important in determining the perception and the provision of information to sports organizations in this direction. The research population living in the province of Istanbul constitutes sports managers. The sample of the study consisted of 363 sports administrators selected by simple random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data in research. The questionnaire consists of three sections. Job satisfaction scale in the first part, the second part is located questions relating to demographics and the third part of the organizational commitment scale. The study was conducted with data analysis using SPSS 16 software package. When the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment, has been found to be significant and positive relationship between affective commitment and job satisfaction. Affective commitment and job satisfaction, perceptions of sports administrators are moving in the same direction

Abstract:\nAdult of the flour beetles Tribolium confusum beetles were topically exposed to dose of 10µg/insect of different drugs (Ibuprofen, naproxen, lornoxican and Indomethacin) and phenylazo compounds. Virtually all beetles were biologically affected due to exposure to all chemicals. The survival adult of T. confusum was decreased by increasing chemical doses. Higher biorational effect of drugs was 73% of adult mortality after treatment with lornoxicam at dose 50µg; while the same compound had antagonistic effect when attached with Cu (II) which caused 38% of adult mortality. Contrary synergistic effect when Cu (II) ion was attached into Ibuprofen drug; where it produced 86% of adult mortality with Cu (II) and 41% without Cu(II). Also the bioactivity of phenylazo compounds, R1 (P-OCH3) and R2 (P-NO2) were increased by attachment to Ni (II) and Cu (II) ions; while it was decreased effect of compounds R3 (P-Br) and R4 (P-H) attachment to Ni (II) and Cu (II) ions. Bioactivity action of the compound R1 was 73 and 83 mortalities at dose of 50µg when attached to Ni (II) and Cu (II) ions respectively; while it was 68% without attachment to the same ions. The compound R3 was the most active one against T. confusum, where it recorded 100% of adult mortality at the dose of 30 µg. Therefore; it is concluded that the drugs and phenylazo compounds and their copper and nickel attachment are appropriate probe as bioactive compounds on Vertebrates and Invertebrates.\nKeywords: Drugs, ibuprofen, indomethacin, lornoxicam, naproxen; drugs-copper (II) ion-pairs; phenylazo compounds, copper and nickel complexes, flour beetles Tribolium confusum.